Figures in tables and generally in the text have been rounded. Totals and percentages are calculated on unrounded totals. Any discrepancies between totals and sums of components in tables and generally in the text are due to rounding.

In this Statement, 'real' means adjusted for the effect of inflation. Real changes are calculated using the non-farm gross domestic product deflator.

All amounts are in Australian dollars (AUD) unless otherwise indicated. All estimates are exclusive of recoverable Goods and Services Tax (GST).

One billion is equal to one thousand million.

The source of data is AusAID unless otherwise stated.

---

Table 1: Composition of Australian ODA

The column 'Budget Estimate 2012–13 shows estimates provided in the 2012–13 Budget at May 2012. The column 'Estimated Outcome 2012–13' shows outcomes for 2012–13 as estimated at May 2013.

a. 'AusAID Country Programs' are detailed in Table 5 on page 143, and include country and regional programs, as well as AIRPD grants and loans.

b. 'AusAID Global Programs' are detailed in Table 6 on page 144, and adjusted to include cash but exclude expenses associated with multi-year liabilities (such as to the ADF and IDA). See notes (h) and (i) to Table 6 for details and explanation of these adjustments.

c. 'AusAID Departmental' shows AusAID's Departmental expenses.

d. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) financial statements are included in the Foreign Affairs and Trade Portfolio Budget Statement.

e. 'Other Government Departments' includes ODA-eligible expenditure by Australian Government and State and Territory Government agencies other than AusAID and ACIAR.

f. 'Adjustments' includes adjustments to reconcile expenses to ODA, which is reported on a cash basis. These adjustments include accrual adjustments to adjust expenses to cash, and adjustments to exclude non ODA-eligible departmental and administered expenditure. The adjustments exclude non ODA-eligible departmental expenditure such as receipts under Section 31 of the Financial Management and Accountability Act 1997, GST payments, Fringe Benefits Tax, and official hospitality. The adjustments also exclude non ODA-eligible administered expenditure such as miscellaneous receipts and GST payments.

g. ODA is reported on a cash basis.

h. 'Real change from previous year outcome' shows the real increase in total ODA from the outcome figure for the previous year to the figure for the reference year.

i. Estimates are subject to confirmation of final GNI outcomes by the Australian Bureau of Statistics.

1. The ODA target is 0.37 per cent of GNI in 2013–14. This includes $375 million to support some of the costs of asylum seekers in Australia. The actual expenditure on ODA eligible asylum seekers costs will vary depending on the number of arrivals and their length of stay in the community. To ensure predictable planning and management of the ODA budget, the Government will cap expenditure from the existing ODA funding envelope in any one year at $375 million. Any expenditure over this cap will be in addition to the ODA budget target for that year.

Table 2: Australian ODA by partner countries and regions

The column 'Budget Estimate 2012–13' shows estimates provided in the 2012–13 Budget at May 2012. The column 'Estimated Outcome 2012–13' shows outcomes for 2012–13 as estimated at May 2013. Total ODA to a particular country includes the amounts from the bilateral program, as well as amounts attributable to the country through AusAID's regional programs, AusAID global programs and other government departments.

a. In this table, 'Nauru' includes cash paid in each year in line with the Nauru Settlement Treaty, in addition to amounts through the AusAID Country Program for Nauru (identified in Table 5 on page 143).

b. For the purposes of this table, 'North Pacific' includes the Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, and the Republic of the Marshall Islands.

c. 'Regional and Other Pacific' includes amounts attributable to the Pacific region (but not to a specific country) from the Pacific Regional program (see Table 5 for amounts and Section 2.1 for program details), AusAID global programs (see Table 6 for a breakdown), and other government departments.

d. 'Indonesia' expenditure includes AIPRD.

e. 'East Asia Regional' shows amounts attributable to the East Asia region (but not to a specific listed country) from the East Asia Regional program (see Table 5 for amounts and Section 2.2 for program details), AusAID global programs (see Table 6 for a breakdown), and other government departments.

f. 'South and West Asia Regional' shows amounts attributable to the South and West Asia region (but not a specific country) from the South and West Asia Regional program (see Table 5 for amounts and Section 2.3 for program details), AusAID global program (see Table 6 for a breakdown), and other government departments.

g. 'Core contributions to multilateral organisations and other ODA not attributed to particular countries or regions' includes payments to some UN and Commonwealth organisations, ODA-eligible departmental expenditure and ODA flows not attributable to the above countries and regions. The ODA-eligible components of cash payments to IDA, ADF, GEF, HIPC, MDRI and the MPMF are also included in this line item (see Section 3.2 for 2013–14 funding levels).

h. 'Adjustments'–see notes to Table 1(f) above.

i. ODA is reported on a cash basis.

Part 2: Country and regional programs

2. AusAID has a separate country program for each major partner country, which is planned and implemented jointly with the partner government. Each country program is an integrated package of mutually agreed activities, developed and implemented under an agreed country strategy. In dollar terms it is often the largest AusAID program delivering benefits in a partner country.
3. AusAID's regional programs deliver Australian aid across a region (or regions) of interest to Australia. Activities are usually planned and delivered under a single regional program strategy, and usually benefit more than one country. Expenditure is allocated between beneficiary countries whenever identifiable.
4. AusAID's global programs deliver development benefits across the developing world. They include contributions to international organisations; emergency, humanitarian and refugee programs; contributions to NGOs and volunteer programs; development education and public information; and development research.

Maps

The depiction and use of boundaries, geographic names and related data shown on the maps and flags do not necessarily imply official endorsement or acceptance by the Australian Government. The regional maps were produced by AusAID using the Generic Mapping Tools (http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/gmt/) and Paint.NET. All of the country maps and flags, unless otherwise specified, are from:

The World Factbook 2011. Washington, DC: Central Intelligence Agency, 2011. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html

Key statistics

'Population' refers to the country's estimated 2011 population, according to the World Bank World Development Indicators database. See <http://databank.worldbank.org/data&gt;.

Population Growth (%): A population's growth rate is the increase (or decrease) in the number of persons in the population during a certain period of time, expressed as a percentage of the population at the beginning of the time period. The average annual growth rates for all ages as well as for particular age groups are calculated on the assumption that growth is continuous.

Estimated Population (2050): This projection is taken from the UN database, in turn based on assumptions about demographic indicators by country and projection constructed for successive five-year periods. The details on the methodology applied by the UN to conduct the projections can be consulted at:

ttp://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/longrange2/WorldPop2300final.pdf.

GDP Per Capita (PPP): These estimates were sourced from the World Bank World Development Indicators database, last accessed 8 May 2013, http://databank.worldbank.org/data/. The corresponding definition of the indicator is: "GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars."

Poverty <$1.25/day

Population below $1.25 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $1.25 a day at 2005 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions. Source: World Bank Development Indicators 2012.

Poverty <$2.00/day

Population below $2 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $2.00 a day at 2005 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions. Source: World Bank Development Indicators 2012.

Pacific

5. Note that this excludes expenditure by other Australian Government departments of aid flows appropriated via AusAID.
6. The reported value of this new initiative includes the ODA and non-ODA eligible components to align with measures provided in the Budget Papers. Only the eligible components will be reported as ODA.
7. Amnesty International, Papua New Guinea: Violence Against Women: Not Inevitable, Never Acceptable!, 2006, viewed 16 April 2013, <www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/ASA34/002/2006/en/3dffe5fd-d422-11dd-8743-d305bea2b2c7/asa340022006en.pdf>.
8. UNICEF, The State of the World's Children 2012: Children in an Urban World, 2012, viewed 16 April 2013, <www.unicef.org/publications/index_61789.html>.
9. Solomon Islands Government, Child Health Strategic Plan 2011-15, p.9; Solomon Islands Government, National Health Strategic Plan 2011-15, pp. 11-12.
10. WHO West Pacific Regional Office, Progress in malaria control and moving towards elimination in Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, 2012, viewed 16 April 2013, <ftp://ftp.wpro.who.int/scratch/PUB/Printing files/Progress in Malaria Control and elimination in Solomon Islands and Vanuatu/17122012 Progress in malaria control - Solomon Islands and Vanuatu.pdf>, p. 4.
11. WHO West Pacific Regional Office, Progress in malaria control and moving towards elimination in Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, 2012, viewed 16 April 2013, <ftp://ftp.wpro.who.int/scratch/PUB/Printing files/Progress in Malaria Control and elimination in Solomon Islands and Vanuatu/17122012 Progress in malaria control - Solomon Islands and Vanuatu.pdf>, p. 4.
12. WHO, 'Global Health Observatory Data Repository', viewed 14 March 2013, <http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.country.18200>.
13. Solomon Islands Government, Ministry of Health and Medical Services Core Indicator Set (Draft), last sighted January 2013, p. 1.
14. Solomon Islands Ministry of Education and Human Resource Development, Performance Assessment Framework Report 2008-2010, January 2012, p. 19.
15. Solomon Islands Ministry of Education and Human Resource Development, Solomon Islands Standardised Tests of Achievements, 2010, p. 9.
16. World Bank, World Bank Development Report 2012 – Gender Equality and Development, Washington DC, 2011, viewed 16 April 2013, <http://go.worldbank.org/6R2KGVEXP0>, p.157.
17. Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Solomon Islands Family Health and Safety Study: A study on violence against Women and Children, Secretariat of the Pacific Community, 2009, viewed 16 April 2013, <www.spc.int/hdp/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=39&Itemid=44>, p. 3.
18. World Bank, 'Country Data: Solomon Islands', 2010, viewed 23 March 2012, <http://data.worldbank.org/country/solomon-islands>; Solomon Islands Ministry of Development Planning and Aid Coordination, Solomon Islands Agriculture and Rural Development Strategy, 2007, viewed 2 March 2013, <http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPACIFICISLANDS/Resources/442114-1180930407961/ARDS_Full_Report.pdf>, p. 8.
19. IMF, IMF Country Report No. 12/333, Washington DC, December 2012, viewed 2 March 2013, <www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2012/cr12333.pdf>, p. 21.
20. UNICEF estimate cited in Vanuatu Prime Minister's Office, Millennium Development Goals 2010 Report for Vanuatu, viewed 16 April 2013, <www.ausaid.gov.au/countries/pacific/vanuatu/Documents/vanuatu-mdg-report-2010.pdf>.
21. Vanuatu Ministry of Finance and Economic Management, Public Expenditure Review: Health Sector 2011, January 2012, publication forthcoming.
22. Republic of Vanuatu Ministry of Education, Annual Statistical Report: 2010-2011, Policy and Planning Unit, 2012, viewed 16 April 2013, <www.spc.int/prism/images/educationDigests/vanuatu/2010-2011_Vanuatu_MoE_Digest.pdf>, p. 3.
23. World Bank & Government of Vanuatu, Vanuatu Early Grade Reading Assessment Baseline Survey, 2011.
24. Vanuatu National Statistics Office, 2009 National Population and Housing Census Analytical Report Volume 2, 2009, p.138.
25. United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security, World Risk Report 2012, Alliance Development Works, Berlin, 2012, viewed 26 March 2013, <www.ehs.unu.edu/article/read/worldriskreport-2012>.
26. Samoa Bureau of Statistics, 2008, Samoa Population and Housing Census Report 2006, 2008, viewed 16 April 2013, <www.sbs.gov.ws/>; Samoa Bureau of Statistics, Samoa Population and Housing Census Report 2001.
27. Government of Samoa Millennium Development Goals: Second Progress Report 2010, 2010, viewed 16 April 2013, <http://www.mof.gov.ws/Portals/195/Services/Aid Coordination/mdg_report.pdf>.
28. Samoa Ministry of Health, Samoa NCD Risk Factors, STEPS Report, 2002, unpublished.
29. Samoa Ministry of Education, Sports and Culture, Educational Statistical Digest 2012, 2012, viewed 16 April 2013, <http://www.spc.int/prism/images/EducationDigests/SAMOA/SamoaStatisticalDigest2012.pdf>.
30. D Lene, 'Inclusive Education: A Samoan Case study', in Inclusive Education in the Pacific, P Puamau & F Pene, eds, University of the South Pacific, Fiji, 2009, viewed 16 April 2013, <www.usp.ac.fj/fileadmin/files/Institutes/pride/Workplans_and_Reports/Paper_and_publications/IEbook.pdf>, pp. 135-145.
31. World Bank, Republic of Fiji – Poverty Trends, Profiles and Small Area Estimation (Poverty Maps) in Republic of Fiji (2003-2009), 2011, viewed 12 March 2013, <https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/2791>.
32. W Narsey, Poverty in Fiji: Changes 2002-03 to 2008-09 and Policy Implications, Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics, Suva, 2012, viewed 16 April 2013, <http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/23801/>, p.16.
33. WHO, Kingdom of Tonga NCD Risk factors STEPS Report 2004, 2012, viewed 12 March 2013, <www.who.int/chp/steps/2004_TongaSTEPSReport.pdf>, p.13.
34. Republic of Nauru, 2011-12 Budget and the Estimates of Revenue and Expenditure Budget Paper 1, p.3.
35. Nauru Department of Education, Annual Partnership for Development Progress Report, 2011, p.1.
36. Republic of Nauru, Demographic and Health Survey 2007, 2009, pp.115-16.
37. Commonwealth Health Online, 'Non-communicable diseases in Nauru', viewed 18 April 2013, <www.commonwealthhealth.org/non-communicable-diseases/pacific/nauru/>.
38. Republic of Nauru, 2011-12 Budget Papers and the Estimates of Revenue and Expenditure: Budget Paper 1, p.4
39. Australian Bureau of Meteorology & CSIRO, Climate Change in the Pacific: Scientific Assessment and New Research Volume 1: Regional Overview, 2011, viewed 18 April 2013, <http://www.pacificclimatechangescience.org/Jan2012/PCCSP_Report_Vol1_WEB_120202.pdf>.
40. United Nations University Institute of Environment and Human Security, World Risk Report 2011, Alliance Development Works, Berlin, 2011, viewed 18 April 2013, <http://www.ehs.unu.edu/article/read/worldriskreport-2011>, p.63.

East Asia

41. Based on World Bank data, in 2008 there were 212 million people living on less than $2 a day (PPP) in Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, the Philippines, Timor-Leste and Vietnam. Internationally comparable poverty statistics are not available for Mongolia and Myanmar, but the World Bank recently reportde that 26 per cent of Myanmar's population live on less than $1.25 (PPP) a day, with the population between 48 and 61 million. See: World Bank, 'PovcalNet: an online poverty analysis tool', viewed 15 January 2013, <http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm?0>; World Bank, Interim Strategy Note for the Republic of Myanmar for the Period FY13-14, Washington, 2012, <http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/16823059/myanmar-interim-strategy-note-period-fy13-14>, p.5.
42. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia's trade with East Asia 2011, Canberra, 2012, viewed 15 January 2013, <www.dfat.gov.au/publications/stats-pubs/Australia-trade-with-east-asia-2011.pdf>, p.1
43. Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, 'Australia in the Asian Century Fact Sheet: Australian Investment Abroad', viewed 15 January 2013, <http://asiancentury.dpmc.gov.au/sites/default/files/fact-sheets/19.-Australian-investment-abroad.pdf>.
44. The Indonesian mortality ratio reported by the World Bank is 220 per 100,000 live births, compared with 7 per 100,000 in Australia. See: World Bank, 'Data: Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)', viewed 23 January 2013, <http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.STA.MMRT>.
45. Indonesia Ministry of National Education, 'Detailed information on Net Enrolment Rates (Angka Partisipasi Murni, APM)', viewed 18 April 2013, <www.psp.kemdiknas.go.id/?page=publikasi>.
46. Statistics Indonesia, Statistical Yearbook of Indonesia 2011, viewed 18 April 2013, <http://www.bps.go.id/eng/aboutus.php?pubs=46 &pub=1>.
47. Vietnam Ministry of Education and Training, Education Statistics 2011-12, 2012, viewed 26 February 2013, <www.moet.gov.vn/?page=11.10&view=3528>.
48. Transparency International, Corruption Perceptions Index 2012, viewed 18 January 2013, <www.transparency.org/cpi2012/results>.
49. Estimates vary due to the difficulty of collecting accurate data. In 2009-10, the Timor-Leste Demographic Health Survey reported 557 deaths per 100,000 live births. The 95 per cent confidence interval for this survey places the true maternal mortality rate for 2009-10 anywhere between 408 and 706 deaths per 100,000 births. See: Timor-Leste National Statistics Directorate, Timor-Leste Demographic and Health Survey 2009-10, NSD and ICF Macro, Dili, 2010, viewed 18 April 2013, <www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FR235/FR235.pdf>.
50. UNICEF, The State of the World's Children 2012: Children in an Urban World, 2012, viewed 16 April 2013, <www.unicef.org/publications/index_61789.html>, p. 94.
51. Timor-Leste National Statistics Directorate, 2010 Census Timor-Leste, viewed 21 February 2013, <http://dne.mof.gov.tl/&gt;.
52. WHO, World Health Statistics 2011, France, 2011, viewed 21 February 2013, <www.who.int/whosis/whostat/2011/en/index.html>, p 71.
53. Timor-Leste National Statistics Directorate, 2010 Census Timor-Leste, viewed 21 February 2013, <http://dne.mof.gov.tl/>.
54. Timor-Leste Ministry of Education, National Education Strategic Plan 2011-2030, 2011.
55. Government of Timor-Leste, Timor-Leste Strategic Development Plan 2011-2030, viewed 21 February 2013, http://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Strategic-Development-Plan_EN.pdf>.
56. World Bank, Timor-Leste: An Analysis of Early Grade Reading Acquisition, 2011, viewed 18 April 2013, <http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/0,,contentMDK:22540804~menuPK:3970762~pagePK:2865106~piPK:2865128~theSitePK:226301,00.html>.
57. ILO, Timor-Leste Labour Force Survey 2010, viewed 22 February 2013, <www.ilo.org/jakarta/whatwedo/publications/WCMS_152168/lang--en/index.htm>.
58. World Bank, 'Cambodia Overview', viewed 14 January 2013, <www.worldbank.org/en/country/cambodia/overview>, p. 1.
59. World Bank, 'Data: Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)', viewed 23 January 2013, <http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.STA.MMRT>.
60. Cambodia National Institute of Statistics, Directorate General for Health & ICF Macro, Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2010, Phnom Penh, 2011, viewed 18 April 2013, <www.unicef.org/cambodia/Cambodia_DHS_2010_Complete_Report_Part1.pdf>.
61. Cambodia National Institute of Statistics, Directorate General for Health & ICF Macro, Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2010, Phnom Penh, 2011, viewed 18 April 2013, <www.unicef.org/cambodia/Cambodia_DHS_2010_Complete_Report_Part1.pdf>.
62. Cambodia National Institute of Statistics, Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey 2009, viewed 18 April 2009, <www.nis.gov.kh/nada/index.php/catalog/30/download/70>, pp. 70-71.
63. Cambodia National Institute of Statistics, Report on the Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey 1999, 2000, viewed 18 April 2013, <www.nis.gov.kh/nada/index.php/catalog/35/download/186>, p.40.
64. UNDP, 'United Nations Development Programme Cambodia', viewed 23 January 2013, <www.un.org.kh/undp/what-we-do/poverty-reduction/poverty-reduction>.
65. Landmine Monitor, Landmine Monitor Report 2009: Toward a Mine-Free World, St Joseph Communications, 2009, viewed 18 April 2013, <http://www.the-monitor.org/2E56CDF3-7A70-45BE-B2A0-209969ACB825/FinalDo…;, p. 241.
66. Poverty figures are based on consumption expenditure, adjusted for factors such as differences in family composition and regional variations in food prices. Based on data from UNDP and Myanmar Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development, Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey in Myanmar (2009-2010): Poverty Profile.
67. World Bank, 'Data: Health expenditure, total (% of GDP)', viewed 11 February 2013 <http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.TOTL.ZS/countries/VU?display=default>.
68. WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA & World Bank, Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990-2010, Geneva, 2012, viewed 11 February 2013, <http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2012/9789241503631_eng.pdf>, p. 34; UNICEF, WHO, UNDP & World Bank, Levels and Trends in Child Mortality – Report 2012, Geneva, 2012, viewed 11 February 2013, <www.childmortality.org/files_v10/download/Levels and Trends in Child Mortality Report 2012.pdf>, p. 19.
69. Based on data from: WHO, 'Myanmar: Tuberculosis Profile', viewed 18 April 2013, <https://extranet.who.int/sree/Reports?op=Replet&name=/WHO_HQ_Reports/G2/PROD/EXT/TBCountryProfile&ISO2=MM&outtype=html>; World Bank, 'Data: Notified cases of malaria (per 100,000 people)', viewed 11 February 2013 <http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.MLR.INCD>.
70. Strategic Information and M&E Working Group, HIV Estimates and Projections: Asian Epidemiological Model Myanmar 2010-2015, 2012, viewed 1 February 2013, <http://aidsdatahub.org/en/reference-librarycols2/item/24324-hiv-estimates-and-projections-asian-epidemiological-model-myanmar-2010-2015-strategic-information-and-me-working-group-2012>, pp. 15-16.
71. UNICEF, The State of the World's Children 2012: Children in an Urban World, 2012, viewed 16 April 2013, <www.unicef.org/publications/index_61789.html>.
72. World Bank, Lao PDR Development Report 2010: Natural Resource Management for Sustainable Development, Washington DC, 2010, viewed 18 April 2013, <http://go.worldbank.org/NA0UJO2PV0>.
73. Government of Lao PDR, Lao PDR Agricultural Census 2010-2011.
74. Lao PDR Ministry of Planning and Investment & Department of Statistics, Lao Expenditure and Consumption Survey 1992/03 – 2007/08: Poverty in Lao PDR 2008, Vientiane, 2010.
75. Lao PDR National Regulatory Authority, Lao PDR Annual Project Report 2013.
76. UNDP, 2011 Human Development Report, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2011, viewed 18 April 2013, <http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2013_EN_complete.pdf>, p. 144.
77. UNICEF, Mongolia: WASH in Schools & Kindergartens (UNICEF Design Document), 2012.
78. UNICEF, Mongolia: WASH in Schools & Kindergartens (UNICEF Design Document), 2012.
79. WFP & FAO, Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, 2012, viewed 18 April 2013, <http://kp.one.un.org/content/uploads/2012/11/CFSAM-2012.pdf>.
80. Greater Mekong Subregion Environment Operations Centre, 'GMS Overview', viewed 16 April 2013, <www.gms-eoc.org/gms-statistics/gms>.
81. H Bach et al, Transboundary River Basin Management: Addressing Water, Energy and Food Security, Mekong River Commission, Lao PDR, 2012, viewed 18 April 2013, <http://www.mrcmekong.org/assets/Uploads/M2R-report-address-water-energy-food-security.pdf>.
82. International Rice Research Institute, 'Rice in Vietnam', viewed 17 January 2013, <http://irri.org/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=8762:rice>.

South and West Asia

83. Figures exclude Afghanistan, Maldives and Bhutan. See: World Bank, Global Economic Prospects, 2013, viewed 7 March 2013, <http://web.worldbank.org/external/default/main?contentMDK=23322741&menuPK=619749&theSitePK=612501&piPK=2904598&pagePK=2904583>.
84. World Bank, World Development Indicators 2012, Washington DC, 2012, viewed 12 February 2013, <http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators/wdi-2012>, p. 72.
85. World Bank, World Development Indicators 2012, Washington DC, 2012, viewed 12 February 2013, <http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators/wdi-2012>, p. 110.
86. WHO, World Health Statistics 2012, WHO Press, Geneva, 2012, viewed 5 February 2013, <www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/2012/en/>.
87. WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and World Bank, Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990-2010, WHO Press, 2012, viewed 5 February 2013, <www.unfpa.org/public/home/publications/pid/10728>.
88. UNICEF, Child Survival in Bangladesh, 2010, viewed 5 February 2013, <www.unicef.org/bangladesh/Child_Surviva_in_Bangladesh.pdf>.
89. Government of Bangladesh, Bangladesh Primary Education Annual Sector Performance Report [ASPR-2012], 2012, viewed 18 April 2013, < http://www.affordable-learning.com/content/dam/plc/prkc/uk/palf/Bangladesh National Assessment.pdf >.
90. Avon Global Center for Women and Justice, Combating Acid Violence in Bangladesh, India and Cambodia, 2011, viewed 18 April 2013, <www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cedaw/docs/cedaw_crc_contributions/AvonGlobalCenterforWomenandJustice.pdf>.
91. World Bank, 'Data: Poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day (PPP) (% of population)', viewed 11 April 2013, <http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.DDAY>.
92. World Bank, Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change: Bangladesh, Washington DC, 2010, viewed 12 February 2013, <http://climatechange.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/documents/EACC_Bangladesh.pdf>.
93. World Bank, World Development Indicators 2012, Washington DC, 2012, viewed 5 February 2013, <http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators/wdi-2012>.
94. Sri Lanka Department of Census and Statistics, Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2009-10: Final Report, 2011, viewed 5 February 2013, <http://www.statistics.gov.lk/HIES/HIES2009_10FinalReport.pdf>.
95. UN-Habitat, City Development Strategies: Lessons from the Urban Management Programme and UN –Habitat Experience, 2012, p. 356.
96. World Bank, World Development Indicators 2012, Washington DC, 2012, viewed 7 March 2013 <http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators/wdi-2012>, p. 70.
97. World Bank, 'Data: Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)', viewed 18 February 2013 <http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.IMRT.IN>.
98. World Bank, World Development Indicators 2012, Washington DC, 2012, viewed 18 February 2013 <http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators/wdi-2012>, p. 70.
99. WFP, Nepal: Food Security Atlas, July 2010, viewed 8 March 2013, <www.wfp.org/content/nepal-food-security-atlas-2010>, p. 13.
100. UNDP, Human Development Report 2011, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2011, viewed 18 February 2013, <http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2011>, p.129.
101. Afghanistan Ministry of Education, 1390 EMIS Statistical Analytical Report, 2012, viewed 25 January 2013, <www.moe.gov.af>, pp. 8-13.
102. UNDP, Human Development Report 2011, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2011, viewed 18 February 2013, <http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2011/>, p.141.
103. FAO, The FAO Component of the Consolidated Appeals 2012: Afghanistan, 2011, viewed 18 February 2013. <www.fao.org/emergencies/resources/documents/resources-detail/en/c/150023/>.
104. Transparency International, Corruption Perceptions Index 2012, 2012, <www.transparency.org/cpi2012/results>, viewed at 18 February 2013.
105. World Bank, 'Data: GDP Growth (annual %)', viewed 10 January2013, <http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG/countries/PK-8S-XN?display=default>.
106. Pakistan Ministry of Finance, Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12, viewed 18 April 2013, <www.finance.gov.pk/survey_1112.html>, p.168.
107. WHO, 'Global Health Observatory Data Repository', viewed 10 January 2013, <http://apps.who.int/gho/data/?theme=main&node=531#>
108. Aga Khan University, Pakistan Medical Research Council & Government of Pakistan, National Nutrition Survey Pakistan 2011, viewed 18 April 2013, <http://pakresponse.info/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=BY8AFPcHZQo%3D&tabid>, pp. 55-59
109. UNESCO, 'Statistical tables – school year ending in 2010', viewed 10 January 2013, <www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/ED/GMR/excel/gmr2012-statistical-tables-long-version.zip>
110. UNESCO, 'Statistical tables – school year ending in 2010', viewed 10 January 2013, <www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/ED/GMR/excel/gmr2012-statistical-tables-long-version.zip>
111. Government of Pakistan, ADB & World Bank, Pakistan Floods 2010 – Preliminary Damage and Needs Assessment, Islamabad, 2010, viewed 18 April 2013, <www.gfdrr.org/sites/gfdrr.org/files/publication/Pakistan_DNA.pdf>, p.28.
112. World Bank, 'Data: Rural population (% of total population)', viewed 16 March 2012, <http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.RUR.TOTL.ZS>.
113. World Bank, 'Data: Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)', viewed 16 March 2012, <http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS/countries/PK-8S-XN?display=default>.
114. World Bank, 'Pakistan: Priorities for Agriculture and Rural Development', viewed 22 January 2013, <http://go.worldbank.org/KQ3CN5O0J0>.

Africa and Middle East

115. Based on World Bank data. See: World Bank, World Development Indicators 2012, Washington DC, 2012, viewed 18 February 2013, <http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators/wdi-2012>.
116. Brookings Institution, Poverty in Numbers: The Changing State of Global Poverty from 2005 to 2015, 2011, viewed 23 October 2012, <http://dspace.cigilibrary.org/jspui/bitstream/123456789/31304/1/Poverty in Numbers.pdf?1>, p. 8.
117. OCHA, Humanitarian Bulletin: Eastern Africa Issue 21, 15 December 2012 – 15 January 2013.
118. OCHA, Syrian Arab Republic – Humanitarian Dashboard, 17 December 2012, viewed 18 April 2013, <http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Syria Dashboard 17-Dec-12.pdf>.
119. International Food Policy Research Institute, Discussion Paper 01210: Managing Transition in Yemen, September 2012, viewed 18 April 2013, <www.ifpri.org/publication/managing-transition-yemen>.
120. IMF, 'Youth Unemployment in the MENA Region: Determinants and Challenges', viewed 18 April 2013, <www.imf.org/external/np/vc/2012/061312.htm>.
121. For AusAID budget purposes, this includes: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
122. UNDP, 'Poverty Reduction and the MDGs', viewed 18 April 2013, <http://web.undp.org/africa/poverty.shtml>.
123. Sub-Saharan Africa possesses 29 of the 30 countries ranked at the bottom of the UN's Human Development Index; it possesses 34 of the world's 49 least developed countries as assessed by the UN Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries; and 47 per cent of people in sub-Saharan Africa live on less than $1.25 a day (2008) as assessed by the 2012 Millennium Development Report. Along with the underlying extreme poverty, government corruption, massive health crises, and frequent political, territorial, and ethnic conflicts compound the region's problems. See: UNDP, Human Development Report 2011, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2011, viewed 18 February 2013, <http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2011>; UNOHRLLS, World Statistics Pocketbook 2010: Lease Developed Countries, 2011, viewed 18 April 2013, <www.unohrlls.org/UserFiles/File/LDC Pocketbook2010- final.pdf>; UN, The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012, 2012, viewed 18 April 2013, <www.un.org/en/development/desa/publications/mdg-report-2012.html>.
124. UNICEF, WHO, UNDP & World Bank, Levels and Trends in Child Mortality – Report 2012, Geneva, 2012, viewed 11 February 2013, <www.childmortality.org/files_v10/download/Levels and Trends in Child Mortality Report 2012.pdf>.
125. Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency & ICF International, Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2011, 2012, Addis Ababa, viewed 18 April 2013, <http://measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FR255/FR255.pdf>.
126. UN Habitat, The State of African Cities 2010, United Nations Human Settlements Program, Nairobi, 2010, viewed 18 April 2013, <www.unhabitat.org/content.asp?cid=9141&catid=7&typeid=46>.
127. Ethiopia Ministry of Health, Health Sector Development Program IV 2010/11 – 2014/1:5 Final Draft, 2010, viewed 18 April 2012, <http://phe-ethiopia.org/admin/uploads/attachment-721-HSDP IV Final Draft 11Octoberr 2010.pdf>, pp. 6, 103.
128. Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
129. UNDP, African Human Development Report 2012: Towards a food secure future, New York, 2012, <www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/librarypage/hdr/africa-human-development-report-2012/>.
130. M Parry et al, Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2007, viewed 18 April 2013, <www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_wg2_report_impacts_adaptation_and_vulnerability.htm>, p. 435.
131. IMF, Regional Economic Outlook: Sub-Saharan Africa: Sustaining Growth amid Global Uncertainty, April 2012, viewed 18 April 2013, <www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/reo/2012/afr/eng/sreo0412.htm>, p. 61.
132. African Development Bank, 'African Economic Outlook: Charts', viewed 18 April 2013, <www.africaneconomicoutlook.org/en/total-pages/outlook/charts/>.
133. OECD DAC, 'Statistics on Resource Flows to Developing Countries', viewed 18 April 2013, <www.oecd.org/dac/stats/statisticsonresourceflowstodevelopingcountries.h…;.
134. Based on data from World Bank, Middle East and North Africa Region: Economic Developments & Prospects, 2012, viewed 13 February 2013, <http://go.worldbank.org/TT1U66UYL0>.
135. World Bank, 'Yemen: Country at a Glance', viewed 19 March 2013, <www.worldbank.org/en/country/yemen>.
136. OCHA oPt, Humanitarian Situation in the Gaza Strip: October 2011, 2011, viewed 19 April 2013, <http://unispal.un.org/pdfs/OCHA_Gaza-HumSituation.pdf>.
137. UNDP, The Gaza Strip – Facts, Figures and UNDP's response to the ongoing crisis, viewed 12 March 2013, <http://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.nsf/47D4E277B48D9D3685256DDC00612265/8142EC2398C6A3CB85257AC3005ACBDE>.
138. UNICEF, Gaza Facts & Figures, November2012, viewed 21 March 2013, <www.unicef.org/oPt/UNICEF_oPt_-_Gaza_Fact_sheet_-_November_2012.pdf>.
139. World Bank, 'West Bank & Gaza: Country Brief', 2013, viewed 19 April 2013, <http://go.worldbank.org/Q8OGMLXI40>.
140. UN Country Team in Iraq, 'Press Release: Report acknowledges need to work better towards achieving development in Iraq', viewed 18 April 2013, <www.iauiraq.org/reports/mdgs/Press-Release-MDGs-Report-Campaign.pdf>.
141. Iraq Ministry of Planning, National Development Plan: Years 2010-2014, Baghdad, 2010, viewed 19 April 2013, <www.japuiraq.org/documents/1159/NDP English.pdf>.
142. OECD, Latin American Economic Outlook 2012: Transforming the State for Development, Asuncion, 2011, viewed 15 February 2013, <www.oecd.org/dev/americas/48965859.pdf>, p. 9.
143. World Bank, Data: Poverty, viewed 5 February 2013 <http://data.worldbank.org/topic/poverty>.
144. World Bank, World Development Indicators 2012, Washington DC, 2012, viewed 7 March 2013, <http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators/wdi-2012>, p. 69.
145. UNDP, 'Latin America & the Caribbean: Crisis prevention and Recovery', viewed 5 February 2013, <http://web.undp.org/latinamerica/crisis.shtml>.
146. AusAID defines the Caribbean as the following countries to which Australia provides aid: Antigua and Barbuda, Belize, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and Grenadines, Suriname.
147. Based on World Bank and UN data.

Global Programs

148. For the purposes of this calculation, the 'aid program' is defined as total ODA less departmental expenses, expenditure by OGDs, and adjustments.
149. R Lozano et al, 'Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010,' 2012, The Lancet, vol. 380, iss. 9859, pp. 2095-2128
150. UNICEF & WHO, Progress in Drinking Water and Sanitation: 2012 Update, USA, 2012, viewed 14 January 2013, <www.unicef.org/media/files/JMPreport2012.pdf>.
151. UNICEF, Committing to Child Survival: A Promise Renewed, 2011, viewed 19 April 2013, <www.unicef.org/videoaudio/PDFs/APR_Progress_Report_2012_final.pdf>.
152. UNFPA, 2011 Annual Report: Delivering Results in a World of 7 Billion, New York, viewed 19 April 2013, <www.unfpa.org/public/cache/offonce/home/publications/pid/10236>.
153. UNAIDS, Global Fact Sheet, 2012, viewed 12 March 2013, <www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/epidemiology/2012/gr2012/20121120_FactSheet_Global_en.pdf>.
154. Based on data from WHO, World Malaria Report 2011, Geneva, 2011, viewed 19 April 2013, <www.who.int/malaria/world_malaria_report_2011/en/>.
155. Based on data from WHO, World Malaria Report 2011, Geneva, 2011, viewed 19 April 2013, <www.who.int/malaria/world_malaria_report_2011/en/>.
156. UNESCO, EFA Global Monitoring Report 2012 – Youth and skills: Putting education to work, Paris, 2012, viewed 13 February 2013, <www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/efareport/reports/2012-skills/>, p. 58.
157. UNESCO, EFA Global Monitoring Report 2012 – Youth and skills: Putting education to work, Paris, 2012, viewed 13 February 2013, <www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/efareport/reports/2012-skills/>, p. 122.
158. Inter-Parliamentary Union, 'Women in National Parliaments', 2013, viewed 14 March 2013, <www.ipu.org/wmn-e/world.htm>.
159. UNFPA, 'Gender Equality: Ending Widespread Violence Against Women', viewed 19 April 2013,<http://unfpa.org/gender/violence.htm>.
160. Based on preliminary expenditure data.
161. World Bank & WHO, World Report on Disability, Malta, 2011, viewed 19 April 2013, <www.who.int/disabilities/world_report/2011/en/index.html>.
162. World Bank & WHO, World Report on Disability, Malta, 2011, viewed 19 April 2013, <www.who.int/disabilities/world_report/2011/en/index.html>.
163. L Kelly & L Wapling, AusAID Development for All Strategy Mid-Term Review, October 2012, viewed 19 April 2013, <http://ausaid.gov.au/aidissues/did/Documents/dfa-mtr.pdf>, p. 1.
164. The global number of hungry people declined by 132 million between 1990-92 and 2010-12, or from 18.6 per cent to 12.5 per cent of the world's population, and from 23.2 per cent to 14.9 per cent in developing countries. This puts the MDG target within reach if adequate, appropriate actions are taken. See: FAO, State of Food Insecurity in the World 2012, 2012, viewed 12 March 2012, <www.fao.org/publications/sofi/en/>).
165. FAO, 'Women and Sustainable Food Security', viewed 12 March 2013, <www.fao.org/sd/fsdirect/fbdirect/FSP001.htm>.
166. ADB, 'Closing The Gap: Focus on Basic Infrastructure to Meet the MDGs', 2010, viewed 13 February 2013, <www.adb.org/news/op-ed/closing-gap-focus-basic-infrastructure-meet-mdgs>.
167. UNDP, Managing Natural Resources for Human Development in Low-Income Countries: Working Paper 2011-002, December 2011, viewed 12 March 2013, <http://web.undp.org/africa/knowledge/working-natural.pdf>, p. 1.
168. Consultative Group to Assist the Poor, Financial Access 2009: Measuring Access to Financial Services around the World, Washington DC, 2009, viewed 21 March 2013, <www.cgap.org/publications/financial-access-2009>.
169. Data sourced from World Bank, 'Worldwide Governance Indicators', viewed 18 April 2013, <http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.asp>.
170. USAID, 'Promoting Accountability & Transparency', 2013, viewed 12 March 2013, <www.usaid.gov/what-we-do/democracy-human-rights-and-governance/promoting-accountability-transparency>.
171. Data sourced from Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters,'EM-DAT: The International Disaster Database', 2012, viewed 12 March 2013, <www.emdat.be/>.

Table 5: AusAID country programs

'AusAID Country Programs' includes country and regional programs, as well as AIRPD. It is also shown as a line item in Table 1.

This table includes AusAID country and regional program expenses for all partner countries and regions, and also includes AIPRD. The column 'Estimated Outcome 2012–13' shows expenditure estimates for 2012–13 as at May 2013.

a. 'Nauru' country program estimate shown here does not include cash paid in line with the Nauru Settlement Treaty (as the expense was recorded in 1993-94).

b. For the purposes of this table, 'North Pacific' includes the Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, and the Republic of the Marshall Islands.

c. 'Indonesia' includes AIPRD.

d. The 'Cross Regional Programs' include multi-regional programs such as Education and Scholarships, Health, Economic Growth, Governance, Climate Change & Environment, Equitable Development and Government Partnerships.

Table 6: AusAID global programs

'AusAID Global Programs' includes AusAID global program expenses, adjusted for multi-year liabilities. It is also shown as a line item in Table 1.

The column labelled 'Estimated Outcome 2012–13' shows expenditure estimates for 2012–13 as at May 2013.

a. 'Multilateral Replenishments' includes expenses for new commitments to the multilateral development banks and other multilateral funds. In 2012–13, new commitments are budgeted for the tenth replenishment of the Asian Development Fund (ADF – the concessional lending arm of the Asian Development Bank) of $629.3 million. See Section 3.2 for multilateral program details, including a breakdown of the $313.2 million estimated cash by multilateral institution in 2013–14 (items for IDA, ADF, HIPC, GEF, and MPMF in Table 6). Included in the estimates for HIPC are values associated with the clearance of debt arrears and grant compensation.

b. 'Commonwealth Organisations' includes the Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation, Commonwealth Foundation, Commonwealth Youth Program, and other minor Commonwealth organisations.

c. 'Global Environment Programs' includes the Global Crop Diversity Trust, the International Tropical Timber Organisation, the International Forest Carbon Initiative and other climate change initiatives.

d. 'Global Health Programs' includes the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation, the International Finance Facility for Immunisation and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis
and Malaria, and the Global Polio Eradication Initiative.

e. 'Global Education Programs' includes the Education for All Fast Track Initiative.

f. 'Other Global Programs' includes the Global Agriculture and Food Security Program.

g. 'AusAID Global Programs' includes expense items only. This is converted to an expenditure figure by adjustments detailed at (h) and (I) below.

h. 'Less: new multi-year commitments' removes the total expense commitment for new multi-year liabilities. This is the same $629.3 million total of expenses for new commitments to 'Multilateral Replenishments' in this same table, details of which are noted at (a) above.

i. 'Add: cash paid to multi-year liabilities' in cash expected to be paid to multilateral commitments.

This includes cash funding for multilateral organisations and other cash paid against multi-year liabilities such as the Nauru Settlement Treaty. See Section 3.2 for program details and amounts for multilateral organisations.